In Sri Lanka, sport originated not only as a form of recreation but was also founded on the three core principles of discipline, training, and participation. Through sport, not only physical development and strength are enhanced, but it also contributes to shaping individuals into well-rounded human beings.

Due to foreign influences, many traditional indigenous sports that were once popular within Sri Lankan society—such as Thachchi Panima, Chakgudu, Amba Ata Panima, Eth Keliya, Porapol Gasima, and Elle—gradually began to disappear from public life.

During the British colonial period, sports such as football, rugby, hockey, boxing, billiards, and snooker were introduced and popularized in Sri Lanka. In order to represent Sri Lanka in international sporting events, the Sri Lanka Olympic Committee and the Commonwealth Games Association were established around 1937.

The introduction of physical education by the Department of Education in 1950 played a significant role in bringing about a revolutionary change in the field of sports in the country.

With the establishment of the new Republic in 1965, the Ministry of Sports was inaugurated. In 1966, the Department of Sports was established under the Ministry of Public Services. In 1970, a Ministry solely responsible for sports was established for the first time. Subsequently, the Department of Sports Development was established as an affiliated institution.